Bathroom Buying Guides

Toilets Buying Guide

Fabian — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 16:01:00 GMT

Toilets Buying Guide

In recent years, regulation changes regarding the amount of water that can be used for the flushing of toilets has caused some concern for home owners. In the past, it was common for a toilet to use 3 to 7 gallons of water per flush. Federal law now requires that a toilet not use more than 1.6 gallons per flush. The great reduction in water usage, while bringing obvious benefits to the environment, has caused many home owners to need to make repeated calls to plumbers to repair toilets that failed to properly function.

However, newer models of toilets have come a long way in providing good flushing systems while still meeting the requirements set by the new regulations governing water usage. In fact, some of the toilets have new flushing systems that actually work better than did the older models that were guilty of wasting so much water per flush. There are now many options for home owners who seek to meet the regulations, but at the same time do not want to lose proper functionality for their flushing system.

Toilet Styles

Toilets come in many designs, providing many options to choose from. Each bathroom's setup is slightly different, and finding the toilet that is the right fit will make the whole bathroom more useful and easier to maintain. Most of the differences in the various styles of toilets have little to do with functionality, and more to do with finding the best fit for the toilet within the bathroom's available floor space.

Corner Toilets

Corner toilets have a triangular shaped tank that fits nicely into a corner in the bathroom. This design is intended as a space-saver. It can come with either a round-front seat or an elongated seat.

Round-front Toilets

Round-front toilets are the most common type, and are also referred to as the standard toilet. The front of the toilet's bowl is round. When replacing the seat on a toilet, it is important to make sure to get the correct seat to match the bowl. Round-front toilets and elongated toilets use different sizes of seats.

Elongated Toilets

On an elongated toilet, the bowl is longer, the front end of the toilet's bowl protruding 2 inches further than does its round-fronted counterpart. The advantages of an elongated toilet are several, making it the toilet of choice for many. The elongated bowl makes for a more comfortable seat, and it also allows for a larger water surface area. This means that the flushing system will be more powerful, while still using less water. In addition, some find it has a more elegant look than the round-front toilet.

One-piece Toilets

One-piece construction toilets have the base of the tank connected to the area behind the seat, forming a single unit. The design is meant to save space in smaller bathrooms, but it also offers the further advantage of being easier to clean, as it has fewer crevices than the two-piece construction toilets. One-piece construction toilets can come with an elongated or a round-front bowl. The one-piece construction design for toilets is slightly more costly than comparable toilets with the two-piece construction design.

One-piece construction toilets are often popular with some people who have disabilities. The one-piece design means that the tank is lower than a two-piece construction toilet's tank, making the flushing handle easier to reach. Because of the lower height, it can also be more accessible for users who suffer from certain disabilities.

Wall-mounted Toilets

Wall-mounted toilets are space-saving model. The wall-mounted toilet is attached to the wall, with the tank being built into in the wall. The absence of the tank in the bathroom makes for much more space, making this a popular choice for those who have very little floor space in their bathrooms.

Bidet-Toilets/Washlets

For home owners who prefer bathrooms with a posh European style, there are several different combination bidet-toilets. There are also washlets, which can turn an ordinary toilet into a bidet-tiolet unit.

Toilet Features to Consider

Pressure-Assisted Flush

The pressure-assisted flush system has been designed with federal regulations on water usage in mind. With the mandate requiring lower water amounts be used per flush, a problem arose of how to design a system that is as effective as earlier toilet flushing systems in ridding the bowl of waste. The pressure-assisted flush system uses pressurized air to help the toilet force water into the bowl and down the drain. It is very effective in helping to save water, but on the downside can be very noisy. The noise, which many users in the past accused of frightening small children, is much greater than that of the traditional gravity flush systems. However, many of the newer toilets with pressure-assisted flush now operate more quietly than the early models.

The advantage of the pressure-assisted flush system lies in its savings on water bills. Some consumers report saving about $100 per year on water bills by using these lower water-usage flushing systems.

Some pressure-assisted toilets need to be plugged into an AC power supply, so would need to be situated near a power socket when installed. The buyer should take this into consideration before choosing a toilet that has an electrically powered pressure-assisted flushing system.

Dual Flush Toilets

Dual flush system toilets have the ability to flush at full or half strength. On the top of the tank, there are two buttons, one for half flush, and the other for full flush. The half flush option only uses 0.8 gallons of water per flush. This is designed to save water.

Macerators and Pumps

A macerator with a pump is an excellent solution for toilets that are placed in low-lying areas, even those that may lie below the sewer line. A macerator can be attached to the toilet bowl, and usually to several other bathroom appliances, too. The macerator and pump will eliminate all of the waste water from bathroom appliances. The pump and macerator rest on the floor underneath the tank, in the gap between the foot of the toilet and the wall. Saniflo manufactures several options for thoselooking for a toilet with macerator and pump. Several of Saniflo's units are excellent water-saving models.

High Tank with Pull Chain

Some toilets have a separate tank that is placed high, with an attached pull chain dangling to within reach for flushing. These models are a sure way to create an antique feel to the bathroom. They can be found with both the round-front or elongated designs.

Price Range

Toilet prices begin below $150. There is a wide range of prices available, with some toilets selling for thousands of dollars. It should not be difficult for any home owner to find a suitable toilet for each of the bathrooms in the home, and to find it in a suitable price range.

Corner Toilets

Corner toilets range in price from $250 to $500. Eljer is the main manufacturer of corner toilets. A replacement tank costs about $150 for a corner toilet on a two-piece construction unit.

Round-front Toilets

Being the most common type of toilets, round-front toilets can be found for very affordable prices. American Standard makes a model that sells for as low as $125. Many models sell for below $200. Prices can go up to $500, but most of the round-front toilets sell in the price range of between $150 to $300.

Elongated Toilets

Elongated toilets begin at $220. American Standard and Toto both have models priced between $200 and $300. The majority of elongated toilets sell in the price range of $300 to $500.

Elongated toilets with attached macerators or grinder pumps sell for prices over $800. Saniflo's elongated toilet with macerator and pump sells for a little over $800. The models that come with an attached grinder pump sells for prices between $930 and $990.

One-piece Construction Toilets

One-piece construction toilets are generally more expensive than two-piece construction toilets. Prices for one-piece construction toilets begin at just over $300. These are for units such as Kohler's Rialto and American Standard's Champion one-piece toilets.

The majority of one-piece construction toilets sell for prices between $400 and $500. Kohler, Eljer, Plymouth, Toto and American Standard all sell one-piece construction toilets in this price bracket.

Saniflo manufactures a one-piece construction toilet with a macerator located inside the base of the unit. It sells for just under $700.

Some of the one-piece construction toilets are priced over $1,000. Most of the more costly units are made with a more elegant design, such as the designs manufactured by Wasauna. Kohler also sells a unit priced over $1,000. This design is made to have a more powerful flushing system in a small design.

Wall-mounted Toilets

Wall-mounted toilets are generally priced over $600, with some selling for prices over $800. However, Porcher manufactures a unit that sells for less than $250. Duravit sells several models of wall-mounted toilets. Most of their wall-mounted toilets sell for prices over $1,000, though there are a few models that sell for just under $1,000.

Combination Bidet-Toilet

There are several bidets to choose from, all costing around $1,000 or more. Toto manufactures two combination bidet-toilet units, one selling for $3,200, and the other for $5,200. Both of the combination bidet-toilet units sold by Toto come with remote control features.

Terms To Know When Shopping For a Toilet

pmrockza — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 12:47:00 GMT

Terms To Know When Shopping For a Toilet

What You Need to Know When Buying a Toilet

A one-piece toilet offers an overall more efficient design. Photo courtesy of Bigliang.

According to the American Water Works Association, in a home that is equipped with a standard toilet 3.5 gallon per flush toilet, the average person will use 20.1 gallons of water per day. That’s 27,300 gallons a year. If you switch from a toilet that uses 3.5 gpf to one that uses 1.6 gpf, a consumer would cut their usage by 14,800 gallons per year, using 12,500 gallons. That’s how much water you conserve in a year when you’re using almost two gallons less per flush.

Although you may be concerned about the performance of what is called a low flow toilet, the fact is they have improved a lot since they were first introduced in 1994 and people complained about their lack of efficiency and performance.

Larry Gillis, president of John’s Sewer and Drain Cleaning in Woburn, MA, who has over 30 years in the plumbing industry notes, “It’s true that early on low flow or low flush toilets got a bad reputation and for good reason. Many models performed poorly. But today these models have greatly improved. The main thing to do is to shop around and compare statistics on performance.”

If you’re in the market for a new toilet, here are some key terms to consider and understand prior to making your purchase and how choosing a low flow toilet that conserves on various levels can possibly be the right way to go.

Rough in Measurement

The rough-in measurement is the distance from the wall located behind the toilet to the receptacle’s floor drain. Your new toilet should have the same rough-in measurement as the original. Although the standard is 12 inches, there are also 10-inch and 14-inch models. You can figure out the rough-in measurement on an existing toilet by measuring from the wall to the middle of the bolts on the base of the toilet.

Dual-flush and GPF

As mentioned above, gpf stands for gallons per flush. This is the measurement for how much water is used during each flush. New toilets use less water and that’s a good reason to purchase a new one. There are high efficiency toilets that use just 1.28 gpf. Plus there are dual-flush toilets that will flush solid waste using 1.6 gpf and about 1.0 gpf for liquid waste. On dual flush toilets, there’s a second control for this water-saving feature. Concerns about the lower amount of water used in these models include developing odors and the need to clean these toilets more often.

One-piece or Two-piece

There’s something to be said for the one-piece toilet that has the bowl and tank as one unit. With a two-piece toilet, which is cheaper, the tank and bowl are separate units that are connected. That means there’s some space between the two elements that has to be cleaned. Also, the two-piece can develop leaks between the two units, which cannot happen with one-piece models.

The Seat

Everyone knows what the toilet seat is. But not everyone knows that two-piece models don’t come with a seat, whereas one-piece do. Remember that when figuring in cost. Prices vary on seats but plan on somewhere around $25.00 to $30.00.

Flush Performance

A toilet’s performance is measured in grams of waste removed per flush. Flush performance is based on three factors—flush valve size, outlet size and waste removal.

Bill Trombly Jr., who is a third generation owner of the family-owned Bill Trombly Plumbing and Heating located in Manchester, NH, observes, “Good flush performance is probably the most important factor when buying a toilet. Compare specifics regarding various models. Toilets with higher grams of waste per flush removed are usually better performers. The absolute minimum is 250 grams per flush, but you really want at least 350 per flush. That’s now the minimum for high efficiency toilets.”

Trombly notes that consumers should be especially attentive to models that are water-efficient. Some of these toilets may be efficient in how much water they use per flush, but they aren’t very efficient at ridding the bowl of waste. If a model takes two flushes to perform properly, it is not a good choice.

Pressure Assisted vs Gravity

Pressure assisted toilets use a gush of compressed air during the flush. These toilets, which can be very efficient, require that minimum water pressure be at 25 psi. When considering this type of toilet, it’s necessary to measure a home’s pressure, which can be done with an inexpensive gauge bought at a hardware store. Most homes do not use these toilets due to a few reasons—they are more expensive than gravity toilets, they are very loud and the home does not have the proper pressure needed. A gravity toilet is the type you probably presently use in your home, which utilizes what Sir Isaac Newton discovered so many years ago—the earth’s natural gravity—to help complete the flush.

Round Bowl or Elongated Bowl

A two-piece toilet featuring an elongated bowl. The elongated bowl offers more comfort. Photo courtesy of Einur Amikishvlev.

Round bowls fit better in tight spaces, but elongated bowls are more comfortable and are recommended by the American’s with Disabilities Act (ADA) for those with disabilities and for senior citizens. An elongated model is 2 inches longer and costs about the same as a round bowl.

Rim Height

The normal rim height for a toilet, which is measured from the floor to the bowl’s rim, is between 14 and 15 inches. Higher rim heights, which are usually between 18 and 19 inches, are usually easier to use for adults although smaller children will struggle with them. The taller rims are recommended by the ADA.

Toilet Cost

Toilets range in cost from under $100 to $700! Do you need a $700 toilet? Gillis counsels that you can purchase a good toilet for much less, noting, “There are many models in the price range of $150 to $200 that will do the job well. Sometimes you end up paying for features you don’t want or need. And color adds price to a toilet. White is the least expensive. These are things to consider of you’re on a budget.”

Getting it Done for the Right Price

In determining what is right for you, remember that although energy efficient models may cost more in upfront costs, they can save you a lot of money over the years if you pay for your water. A family of four can conserve 60,000 gallons per year or more with a high efficiency model.

Trombly says that the biggest stumbling block for people when it comes to purchasing a toilet is that they don’t educate themselves. “It’s important to understand the basics concerning how a toilet performs and how they are rated. The three things to consider when purchasing a toilet are performance, comfort and style.”

It is essential to make an informed decision and take time to compare brands and models before making your choice. There are a lot of factors that come into play when purchasing a new toilet.

The Important Benefits of a Sauna

gtimmerman — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 13:30:00 GMT

The Important Benefits of a Sauna

Heat - introduced by various sauna methods - soothes and comforts in a relaxing atmosphere, rejuvenating the body in a serene and peaceful environment. The residential sauna may be regarded by many as a luxury item, but there’s no ignoring its numerous health benefits. From conventional to infrared, the sauna comes in a number of configurations and variations as well as price points.

A 2-Person In-Home Sauna Mobile Kit

Stress is often associated with many serious medical conditions including stroke and heart attacks. Currently, alleviation of stress syndromes is often controlled with prescribed expensive medications, therapeutic messaging or individual counseling, often requiring more than one treatment session. For centuries, alternative mitigation of stress has been controlled with heat applications by various methods and procedures using rocks heated to high temperatures. Once desired temperatures was reached, water sprinkled over the heated rocks produced steam, which induced profuse sweating, ridding the body of all toxins through open skin pores. The same essential principles apply to the modern sauna.

In-Home Saunas

Due to increased public awareness of general health concerns, popularity of in-home saunas has seen a dramatic increase. In-home saunas provide the full benefits of the commercial saunas typically seen in major athletic clubs, with the convenience of in-home privacy use. It can also save hundreds of dollars in annual membership fees to traditional exercise clubs. With a wide array of in-home saunas to select from, in-home saunas can be installed and operational in less than two days, depending on model selected, without extensive or expensive remodeling to the existing interior of the home.

Available Styles of Saunas

With many styles of saunas to choose from, the most commonly selected choice remains the traditional/ conventional and the infrared. Traditional saunas are high heat, low humidity. With temperatures ranging from one-hundred and eighty five to one-hundred and ninety five degrees Fahrenheit (185°F-195°F), traditional saunas employ the use of heater rocks and water to create flashes of steam, intensifying the feeling of heat to pre-determined, pre-set temperature selections.

Infrared saunas provide a much more soothing environment. Infrared rays heat the body directly and the air secondarily. Infrared saunas heat ranges from one-hundred and twenty to one-hundred and fifty degrees (120°F-150°F). Infrared saunas heat to maximum temperatures in less than twenty minutes (20min). To gain the maximum benefits of an infrared sauna, exposure to harmless infrared rays is required. W hen using an infrared sauna, sweating will typically commence within twelve to twenty minutes (12-20min) of exposure, depending on the user.

T raditional and infrared saunas require electrical power for operation. With increased cost reduction technology introduced into sauna manufacturing, a 1.6kW infrared sauna will cost approximately $.05-$.10 (cents) per use. In retrospect, a traditional sauna will average between $.40-$.50(cents) per use. With typical in-home saunas used on an average of two to three times per week, the overall cost of operation is of little consequence in total electrical consumption.

A dedicated electrical circuit powering only the sauna is strongly recommended. Installation of such circuitry with the appropriate amperage rated circuit breaker should be installed by a qualified electrician before use.

A 2-3 Person Infrared Sauna Mobile Kit

Regardless of the style of in-home sauna preferred, infrared or traditional, sauna sessions should last no longer than twenty-minutes (20 min). Sauna sessions should be limited to no more than two per week on an average, however may be used more frequently with approval and prior consultation with a qualified licensed physician. Of vital importance is the intake of fluids during sauna sessions in the prevention of dehydration with appropriate cooling down periods after each sauna session.

Benefits of a Sauna

As expected, heat is the most obvious benefit of a sauna. Heat causes blood vessels to dilate, increasing blood flow to vital organs of the body. Infrared saunas produce heat ranging between 120°to 150° degrees Fahrenheit, while traditional saunas reach temperatures approaching 195°. . Some of the benefits of a sauna include the following:

While relaxing in a sauna for ten to twenty minutes (10-20 min), heart rates increases on an average between fifty and seventy-five percent (50-75%). This increased cardiac load is equal to or greater than a brisk walk. With nominal increase in blood pressure due to expansion of blood vessels beneath the skin, blood vessels become increasingly more flexible with augmented blood flow to all extremities providing increased circulation.
Benefits of a sauna include profuse sweating, which provides a deep and thorough cleansing of the skins sweat glands. As the s kin is the largest organ of the body, over thirty-percent (30%) of body wastes are omitted through skin sweat glands. Profuse sweating accelerates the detoxification of the body by opening skin pores and flushing impurities from the body.
During sauna sessions, it is not uncommon for skin temperature to rise to one-hundred and four degrees Fahrenheit, (104°) with internal body temperatures exceeding one-hundred (100°) Fahrenheit. Exposures to extreme heat conditions simulate a heat induced artificial fever condition. Whereas fever is part of the body’s natural healing abilities, a heat induced artificial fever stimulates the immune system with increased production of disease fighting white blood cells, antibodies and interferon, a cancer fighting viral protein.
The benefits of a sauna include loosening of fatty tissues while assisting in the struggle against cellulite, a common and on-going condition found in men and women.

Combined with a regular exercise program, regular sauna sessions provide a nearly unparalleled release from stress and a host of additional health benefits. These benefits almost certainly outweigh the cost of the unit and installation.

Associated Sauna Costs

Competitively priced, traditional and infrared saunas are an affordable and practical solution in the alleviation of discomforts of many associated illnesses. Infrared and traditional saunas may be purchased in kits. Assembly can be undertaken by the owner and, depending on the model, potentially completed in as little as two hours. With a wide medley of available options and styles to choose from - including permanent and mobile applications - one-to four person saunas range in pricing from $999.00 to over $10,000.00 or more.

Bathroom Vanities: Adding a Sense of Style to Your Bathroom

Andrew — Wed, 17 Aug 2011 21:13:00 GMT

Bathroom Vanities: Adding a Sense of Style to Your Bathroom

Brushing your teeth and washing your face aren't dramatic activities, but if you want to add a little luster to your morning and evening--and ultimately to the design of your home--a bathroom vanity is the answer. Whether you are moving into a new home or remodeling and just need a stylish face-lift, a vanity is the perfect decor addition. Shop with both style and function in mind and account for material, size, type, and overall appearance.

Built-In VS Freestanding: Two Basic Vanity Styles

There are two basic vanity styles. Built-in vanities feature a base cabinet located beneath the sink, useful for storage or a clean counter look. Built-ins are available in several styles--both contemporary and traditional--and are commonly made from high quality wood like mahogany, oak, walnut, maple and cherry.

Freestanding vanities are ideal for a small bathroom or powder room where space is limited but style must abound. These vanities are fixed to the wall only through plumbing and do not typically provide a sink cabinet. For installation, the buyer may need to remove some bathroom drywall to access the wall studs.

A necessary step in choosing either vanity style is considering available space. Take accurate measurements of your space and shop with those in hand to avoid any size mistakes. Vanities are generally available in widths ranging from 18 to 48 inches (in six inch increments.)

Vanity Countertops: Finding the Right Fit For Your Vanity

Selecting the countertop material for the vanity is especially important in your decision, as this surface will provide a significant style element to the room. Countertops are made from a variety of materials, including wood, ceramic tile, stainless steel, laminates and stone. Because bathroom countertops experience frequent use, suffering wear, tear, scratches and scrapes, choosing a durable surface is highly advisable. Most materials will suffer in one way or another over time, but there are choices you can make to mitigate potential damage.

Stone

Stone is an attractive choice because of its aesthetic properties, but must be sealed and maintained to avoid any staining. Stone can be more expensive than other surfaces because of its potential durability.

Wood

Wood countertops offer strong construction and a clean, finished look when matched to your cabinet. Because wood is susceptible to staining and mildew, strict maintenance is important.

Ceramic

Ceramic, like stone, is durable, but prone to stains. Another concern is tiling-look for quality. It is difficult to achieve a smooth, flat surface because ceramic is inherently irregular.

Concrete

Concrete is a versatile material and can be glazed or stained to meet any style considerations. Though concrete is durable and heat resistant, it is prone to cracking or discoloration and can chip if struck with enough force.

Other Materials

Laminates, composite materials and stainless steel are more susceptible to scratching than the aforementioned materials. However, these materials offer easy maintenance and repair.

Bathroom Vanity Ideas Checklist

Use the following list of questions to ensure that you are buying the right vanity to meet all of your needs:

Q: Do I have enough storage and shelving space in the room?
A: Built-ins generally offer more storage than freestanding models.
Q: Will a vanity that fills this space be too large?
A: Taking measurements and using them as a guide does not mean you must purchase a vanity to fill the entire space.
Q: How many people will be using the vanity?
A: For two people or more, a double sink is a practical consideration. For one person, perhaps a freestanding model would suffice.
Q: How often will I use the vanity?
A: If the vanity is to be placed in an extra bathroom or powder room, a less durable material may be acceptable.
Q: What will we use the vanity for?
A: If you just need to brush your teeth and go, a small freestanding style would be appropriate. However, if you need to style your hair, put on makeup, or the like, perhaps considering a model that includes a mirror would be financially beneficial.

Traditional, Cottage, Contemporary and Modern Bathroom Vanities

Bathroom vanities are available in four main styles, explained below.

Contemporary or Modern

The contemporary or modern style reflects 1920s Art Deco but can be more updated for today. Best described as simple, or clean, this style generally has very little ornamental detail, if any at all.

Shaker or Mission

Shaker and Mission style vanities also have little ornamental detail but are designed for functionality and simplicity and are often very high quality.

Traditional

"Traditional" refers to design types that originated in Europe and the Far East and are named accordingly. If you spot a cabinet that is French, Provincial or British Colonial, it is in the traditional style. These cabinets tend to be more detailed than shaker or contemporary, but are not often ornate.

Cottage

Cottage styled pieces are casual and comfortable and generally durable, as they are meant as long-term home pieces.

The High Price of Beautiful and Unique Bathroom Vanities

Vanities are usually the bathroom's dominant piece of furniture and are fairly expensive as a result of their overall function. There is a wide variety of prices for vanities, influenced by material, style, construction method, novelty and maker.

Some mass produced vanities can be found locally and cost between $85 and $300.

If you are looking for a high quality or unique vanity, the price will increase accordingly. While several manufacturers offer low prices of $400 to $500, the average price will be between $600 and $800.

Rare or beautifully constructed vanities, with double sinks or mirrors, can cost more than $3000. Again, consider purchasing sets rather than several separate items to secure a larger discount.

The Bottom Line

Vanities are an important fixture in any bathroom or powder room; choosing the right one to pull your room together can be a difficult task. Use the checklist, take measurements and test each material for texture and appearance. While vanities are expensive, keep in mind that an overall bathroom remodel or construction can cost more than $10,000. Securing an aesthetically suitable centerpiece for that space can be as important as functionality.

Choosing the Right Toilet

gtimmerman — Wed, 17 Aug 2011 18:08:00 GMT

Choosing the Right Toilet

Contrary to popular belief, the toilet is the central focal point of all bathrooms. In new construction or the remodeling of existing bathrooms, the selection of the correct toilet is essential based on current family size and frequency of use. With an eco-friendly environment and growing concerns of all individuals, the correct toilet will reduce water consumption per flush, saving up to $2,100 in water bills per toilet, over the life expectancy of the correctly selected toilet. With the average home having two or more toilets, the savings involved in choosing the right toilet can quickly escalate to attention-grabbing figures.

Points to Consider

A standard two-piece round bowl toilet

Choosing the right toilet requires some forethought and research based on the following points of consideration:

Shape: Available in elongated or round configurations, the round front toilet bowl is typically two inches shorter, working well in tighter bathroom spaces. The elongated front is more comfortable and sanitary with increased sales noted.

Size: Measuring the available space from the finished wall to the center of the sewer drain will determine the size of the toilet that will fit in the available space when replacing an existing toilet during up-grades. Standard rough-in measurements is 28” for round bowls and 31” for elongated fixtures.

Trapway Size: The trap is the hole at the bottom of the toilet where the water and waste exit. Minimum standard size of a trapway is 1-1/2”, however the larger the trapway, the less chances of clogging. Always select a larger trapway when available. The small increase in price is money well spent.

Flushing Ability: All toilets are now required to have a 1.6 gallon tank capacity, to conserve water when flushing. Newer models are available at all local home improvement centers, requiring only one-gallon per flush at no additional cost for the increased technology. According to Suzie Willford, Vice President and manager of luxury products, Kitchen &Bath Association, Houston TX, “You can have the most beautiful toilet in the whole wide world, but it doesn’t flush properly, it’s ugly. Older toilets waste water requiring up to 5 gallons of water per flush.”

Styles: Toilets are typically either two-piece or one- piece design with the two-piece being the most commonly selected. One piece toilets are visually more appealing however carry slightly higher price tags.

Comfort: “ Taller toilets are also an integral part of the universal design, which makes a bathroom accessible to all users regardless of mobility, because they make sitting down and standing up easier,” says Suzie Willford, Vice President of Kitchen & Bath Association. With standard heights of toilets currently at 14”, many manufacturers are raising toilet heights to 17” ABF (Above finished floor) with over-whelming acceptance by consumers.

Flushing Capabilities

A standard two-piece elongated bowl toilet

The selection of the type of flushing capability of a toilet are as important if not more important than any other feature on the toilet. Spending hundreds of dollars on the most exclusive toilet available may appear to be a great idea but if the flushing capability is not adequate, you are merely flushing money down the drain. Money does not buy better flushing performance, only up-scaled designs.
Currently, toilets are categorized into three main groups of flushing capability which include:

Gravity - the most common type of toilet installed
Vacuum - Assist - used in close quarters where noise is a factor
Pressure - Assist – ideal selection for families with children requiring heavy usage

As flushing performance increases, unfortunately the increased price per unit follows. Whereas the higher priced units have an initial higher cost, the overall functional feasibility of these units may be money well spent with reduced maintenance costs and expanded overall longevity of the unit as well.

Associated Costs

Associated costs for toilets have remained consistent for a number of years, with only slight increases noted to accommodate rising manufacturing costs. With the introduction of the latest toilets, such as the Pressure-Assist units for residential applications, choosing the right toilet may be a more difficult task than previously anticipated. With the invention of any new product, an increase in selections closely follows, allowing a greater opportunity for the consumer to take advantage of the latest in technology, even when choosing the right toilet.

Budget Limitations

A modern one-piece toilet

Setting budget limitations for the purchase of a replacement toilet is strongly encouraged however, choosing the right toilet involves more than purchasing a replacement toilet that falls within these pre-set budget parameters. Purchasing a replacement toilet that does not meet all specifications of present lifestyles and usage is “money down the drain” and should be avoided under all circumstances. Allowing a little “wiggle room” when choosing the right toilet will eliminate all detrimental consequences often associated with making the incorrect toilet selection.

Costs per Unit

Of the three categories of toilets available, choosing the right toilet based solely on cost per unit can be summarized as follows:

Gravity induced flushing of the two-piece toilet is perhaps the most economical with prices starting below $100.00 at most local home improvement stores. Higher priced, gravity induced two-piece toilets with similar flushing power of pressure-assisted toilets may reach costs per unit upwards of $300 per unit or more, however average costs remain consistent at $150.00.

Vacuum-Assist toilet availability is somewhat restricted and typically purchased through local plumbing supply stores with inflated prices per unit. Most plumbing supply stores cater to professional plumbers only which may result in an additional charge for the unit. If no other alternative selection is available, consider having a professional plumber purchase and install the unit . Approximate costs for vacuum-assisted toilets range from $225-$300 per unit with higher costs exceeding $400 per unit for higher-quality models.

Pressure-Assist toilets are the most expensive of all available toilet selections. Starting at $225 per unit, pressure- assisted toilets have become available through local home improvement centers due to increased public demand. Depending on model selected and manufacturer, pressure-assisted toilets may rise in cost rapidly exceeding $400.00 per unit.

Choosing the right toilet is often considered a task of little importance. Based on national statistics, 8 out of 10 individuals purchasing a replacement toilet, purchase the incorrect unit based on the “lowest price.” In three to five years, these same individuals will once again find themselves shopping for the right toilet.

Bathtubs Buying Guide

Andrew — Wed, 17 Aug 2011 14:15:00 GMT

Bathtubs Buying Guide

In the past, bathtubs were not given a lot of time and consideration when building a house. They were an after thought for most builders, which was probably due in the most part to the limited selection available. However, times have surely changed when it comes to bathtubs. Many people now look at their bathtub as more than just a place to bathe. As a result, consumers have demanded more choices and manufacturers have responded by providing a greater variety of designs and styles.

Before You Start

Before you begin your quest to find the perfect bathtub, you need to take a few important steps. Whether constructing a new home or remodeling, be sure to take accurate measurements. Though not necessarily a concern in a new construction situation where the bathtub is usually installed before all the walls are finished, measuring the door frames is important when handling a remodel. The last thing you want to do is find out that the bathtub fits your allotted space, but you can't get it through the door.

The next item on your checklist is to see if your water heater will meet the water capacity of your bathtub. Generally, you should figure that sixty-five percent of the bathtub's capacity will be filled with hot water. Is your current water heater large enough to handle the bathtub you are considering? If it's not, you may want to consider looking for a smaller bathtub or replacing the unit.

Finally, if you will be looking at any type of whirlpool, air jet, or water jet style bathtub, make sure that your electrical panel has the adequate space and is the size for the proper circuit.

Things to consider when selecting a bathtub

As household fixtures go, bathtubs tend to rank among the most durable of fixtures. In fact, most can last for up to 50 years. Choosing the right one may seem daunting, but you may be able to narrow your selections down after considering a few things such as:

Function

For what purpose do you intend to use the bathtub? As mentioned, some people simply view it as a place to bathe. Others see their bathtub as having therapeutic benefits in the sense that they can relieve tired muscles and cramps, lower blood pressure and stress. In cases such as these, people may prefer a deeper soaking or whirlpool model with jets to a standard bathtub. Another thing to consider is if you have any special needs. Does the model you select need to be ADA compliant? Would grab bars be a beneficial addition?

Ergonomics

You want your bathtub to be both easy to use and comfortable. How easy it is to use will have a lot to do with the user's body shape and size. Shorter or petite people may find a standard or European tub, which ranges anywhere from 14 to 18 inches deep, to be the most comfortable. On the other hand, taller or larger-framed individuals may find a deeper bathtub such as a Japanese or Greek style bathtub, which can range upwards of 22-plus inches deep, much more relaxing.

It may sound odd, but a test drive may be in order. You lay on a mattress in the store prior to buying, so why not stretch out in a bathtub? Though it may seem a bit awkward, it's the best way to judge not only the length and width, but also if the tub's contours will closely match your own to provide optimum comfort.

Types & Styles

Here is where your personal style and the decor of your bathroom get their chance to shine. Bathtubs come in a variety of styles and colors. White and cream are standard bathtub colors, but you can find other colors such as blue, brown, green, maroon and even pink. In terms of shapes, the most common is rectangular, but selection abounds here as well. Consumers can find heart-shaped, round, oval, corner-style, freestanding, alcove, drop-in and much more. Your shape selection will depend largely upon the size of your bathroom and the material used in the manufacturing of your bathtub.

Bathtub Materials

Bathtubs are produced from a multitude of materials. Acrylic, porcelain, cast iron, fiberglass, marble and even wood are popular choices. Each has its own unique advantages and disadvantages. Your choice of material will depend largely upon your budget, frequency of use, ease of maintenance and durability.

Fiberglass/Gelcoat (FRP)

Fiberglass is probably one of the most cost effective materials used in the construction of bathtubs. It is lightweight, easy to install, and inexpensive. The gel coat surface is thinner and less durable than acrylic. As a result, the finish tends to lack the depth and resilience found in acrylic and porcelain tubs and, with time, the color may also fade. Additionally, fiberglass has a tendancy to easily scratch.

Acrylic

Acrylic is similar to fiberglass, but tends to be a little more expensive because the color is embedded throughout the substance rather than just the surface coat like fiberglass. Thus, the color has a nice high gloss finish and lasts longer. Acrylic is also a good insulator so your water stays warmer longer. It is also easy to clean and more durable than fiberglass. Some manufacturers actually use a high grade of acrylic that is so durable you can hit it with a hammer and it won't crack. In most cases, if the surface becomes scratched, you will be able to buff it out.

Porcelain on Steel (POS)

This refers to a process by which a layer of porcelain is coated onto steel. These types of bathtubs are resistant to acid, abrasions, and corrosion. They are also colorfast, flame proof, sanitary, and easy to clean. On the down side, they can be damaged easily on impact, the surface may chip and rust and lower-priced porcelain on steel bathtubs can be quite noisy.

Cast Iron

Cast iron can last for years but is quite expensive. It can resist damage, dents and dings with ease. Because of their sheer weight (two to three hundred pounds), they are effective at reducing noise and vibration. Another added bonus is that water tends to stay warmer longer. Most manufacturers of cast irons will also issue a warranty for as long as the original purchaser owns the tub. Outside of the tremendous weight factor of a cast iron bathtub, they do have their limitations. Few models are longer than 5 feet. They are normally not large enough to accommodate two people, and installing whirlpool jets is not an option.

Marble

Marble bathtubs are very attractive and come in a variety of unique shapes. They are great if you are looking for a bathtub that will leave a distinct impression. Marble is, however, more costly and can also scratch easily. Another drawback is that marble is very brittle and will crack from thermal shock if water temperatures are too hot or the temperature of the marble suddenly changes.

Wood

Wood bathtubs are also attractive, but are high maintenance and do not have as long a life span as bathtubs made of acrylic, fiberglass or porcelain. It's also important to mention that if you put a wood bathtub into your home, the floor has to be waterproofed. It's also advisable that you add a floor drain as well. If you have your heart set on a wood bathtub, you will need to check your local building requirements. Some areas of the U.S. do not actually allow wood bathtubs.

Top Selling Products and Rated Brands

American Standard has been an industry leader since 1883 when it perfected the process of enameling cast iron to form a smooth easy-to-clean surface for bathtubs. A sampling of their diverse bathtub offerings include the Princeton AmericastÂ® Luxury Ledge Bathtub which sports a high-gloss porcelain finish, an extra wide ledge for toiletries, lumbar support, and a beveled headrest. The Cadet 5' x 36'' Bathtub is an acrylic bathtub with fiberglass reinforcement. Its form-fitted back rest and molded-in armrests with elbow supports makes it a great soaking tub. The Colony Corner Bathtub is a wonderful corner-style tub that features acrylic with fiberglass reinforcement and also has molded in arm-rests.

The Elizabethan Classics collection provides everything you need to complete the bath of your dreams. Their classic cast iron claw foot tubs, acrylic claw foot tubs, and copper bathtubs were all inspired by the days when style was warm, comfortable and appealing with just a flourish of understated sophistication. Old-world charm with contemporary function sums it up best. The Elizabethan Classics Slipper Claw Foot Bathtub is a 61 inch porcelain-over-cast-iron tub with claw feet and a durable white enamel exterior finish. Their Copper Bathtub is a weathered copper pedestal base bathtub made of 16 gauge copper. The manufacturer provides a two year, free of defects warranty from date of purchase.

Whether you're looking for a bubbly experience or blissful calm, Jacuzzi has created the perfect bathing experience for you. The Riva Soaking Bath is a timeless oval unit that never goes out of style. This same classic design is also offered in a five-foot version as well as a whirlpool bath. The Fresco Soaking Bath offers contemporary design with traditional appeal. The slipper shape with molded armrest and built-in handrail ensures a comfortable bathing experience for one or two bathers. The Taraâ„¢ Soaking Bathtub is a corner unit that provides ample room for two-person bathing with a minimum use of bathroom space. This tub is also available in a jetted version.

Maax is a leader in the bath and spa market through its designs of innovative spas and bathroom products. The Infiniti 6-Jet Hydromax Bathtub is an absolute winner in comfort. Its refined ergonomic design has extra-wide armrests and convenient integrated seating. The Palace Bathtub's unique design brings you the ultimate in home massage therapy. Its ergonomic backrest provides maximum relaxation and comfort. The Living 6636 42-AirJet Aerofeel Bathtub has perfected relaxation. This contemporary-styled bathtub in a harmonious oval shape features an integrated faucet area, deep bathing space, two ergonomic backrests, inclined relaxing armrests strategically located on each side, and one ergonomically designed 12 inch grab bar.

Price Range

Prices for bathtubs vary and are largely dependent upon the type of material and features, quality and warranty that have been selected. Bathtubs begin as low as $175 for a basic, enameled steel or fiberglass model. However, some of the top-of-the-line luxury bathtubs, including whirlpool baths, can climb upwards more than $7,000.

Depending upon the material of the bathtub, you can expect to pay:

$250 to $1,300 for a cast iron tub.
$300 to $1,000 for an acrylic tub.
$600 to $1,500 for a basic 5-foot whirlpool model that has a 1 to 1.5 horsepower motor.
$1,600 to $3,700 for a freestanding soaking tub (ie. claw-foot, slipper-style, pedestal).
$2,000 to $5,000 for a large, luxurious whirlpool model with 4 to 10 jets, internal heater, and a 2-3 horsepower variable-speed motor.
$5,000 to $7,000+ for a whirlpool tub with exotic water elements (i.e. shiatsu massage, waterfall feature).

Bathroom Sinks: Knowing Your Options

kkrueger — Fri, 05 Aug 2011 21:44:00 GMT

Bathroom Sinks: Knowing Your Options

The options in bathroom sinks for today's consumer covers a broad spectrum of materials, colors and styles. Knowing your options can help you make the best choice for your bathroom sink.

“The sink is often the focal point of the bathroom,” says licensed architect, Travis Miller, of RemWhirl LLC in Crosslake, Minnesota. “If you have a theme you are trying to convey in your bathroom you will want to select a sink that solidifies that theme.”

When it comes to all the options available for bathroom sinks, even an expert like Miller suggested that narrowing down the choices can be a daunting task. “You have unlimited choices for color, size, shape, style, and material,” he says.

With that in mind, explore some of the general guidelines below to get you a little closer to a final decision.

Bathroom Sink Materials

Understated elegance is created by mounting a porcelain fixture on a granite top. Photo courtesy of RemWhirl LLC

Porcelain has been a time-tested favorite for bathroom sinks. Its smooth glossy finish gives it a clean molded look. Although it has been often used in the most utilitarian bathroom settings, today it has made its way back into the lineup as one of the most fashionable bathroom sinks available. Shiny white porcelain is being molded into a variety of shapes that fit perfectly into the sleek styling of many modern bathrooms.

Ceramic and natural stone materials are also used to create beautiful sink bowls and vanity tops. Marble has long been a favorite because of its unique natural colors and look of elegance. Man-made materials such as cultured marble and Corian provide an affordable alternative to expensive natural stone.

Glass has also entered the bathroom sink arena in recent years. Glass bowl sinks are appearing in all colors and textures. A hand-painted glass sink can certainly create that centerpiece effect that Miller mentioned.

The metals – copper, bronze and stainless steel – also have migrated from the kitchen into the bathroom. Copper and bronze can add an old world feel to a bathroom, while stainless steel gives a sterile modern look. Even cast iron has made a showing in the catalogs of bathroom sinks, bringing its own rugged beauty to the space.

Styles of Bathroom Sinks

The pedestal sink is a standard that never quite leaves the bathroom scene. It is ideal for tight spaces and can hide the plumbing behind its slim porcelain base. There's been a resurgence of the bulkier antique look in pedestal sinks in recent years, but sleek minimalist designs remain available.

The hottest trend in bathroom sinks is the bowl sink. The material can be glass, ceramic or metal, but it distinguishes itself by having

Glass bowl sinks provide the ultimate in versatile design. Photo courtesy of RemWhirl LLC

its base set on the vanity counter rather than being recessed into the countertop. It adds a very eye-catching feature to your bathroom décor and creates a tremendous amount of artistic possibilities for sink designers.

Running a close second to the bowl sink are the geometric designs done in white porcelain. Styles can range from self-rimming set-in sinks to the over-counter type, or individual basins fastened to the wall. One can also find them setting on a simple console stand.

The vanity sink attached beneath a countertop of marble, granite or ceramic has not lost its standing as one of the most common in bathroom sink styles. You will often see a contrasting bowl color set into a vanity top, which adds interest and attracts attention to the vanity area of the bathroom. Floral patterns and metallic trims inside the bowls are also used to give a unique finish that can add a splash of personality in the middle of a solid color vanity top.

Making Your Selections

When making your selection of sinks for the various bathrooms throughout your home, there are several things to keep in mind, according to Interior Decorator, Carlene Anderson, of Redstone Interiors [http://redstoneinteriors.com/] in Crosslake, Minnesota.

White undermount sinks provide the perfect contrast to natural stone. Photo courtesy of RemWhirl LLC

“Your powder room is the perfect spot to accent your bathroom with a touch of elegance for your guests,” Anderson says. It is usually the smallest of your bathrooms, and also the one that is most likely to be seen by visitors to your home.

For your children's bathrooms, the focus should be on more practical issues, like easy cleanup. A smooth durable countertop with an undermount sink would be a great choice for their bath.

The master bath should be well suited for both the practicalities of everyday use, and the relaxing environment you are attempting to create in your personal sanctuary. Your choices here should also be a continuation of the overall décor theme of your home, and especially the master suite itself.

The selection process for choosing the plumbing fixtures for your home can be a bit overwhelming at times. Nowhere is this more apparent than when picking out a bathroom sink. But options are a good thing, particularly for homeowners who know what they want. Whatever the vision or theme there's a bathroom sink out there that fits perfectly.

Shower Sets Buying Guide

Fabian — Wed, 03 Aug 2011 12:58:00 GMT

Shower Sets Buying Guide

Everyone loves a great shower. They are a wonderful way to either wake you up and get you moving in the morning, or to help you relax and unwind in the evening after a particularly hard day. Having the right shower set not only ensures that you will have the best experience possible, but can also provide a quick and affordable way to change the look and feel of your bathroom.

Types of Shower Sets

Shower sets come in a variety of styles and finishes with many of the popular models selling for less than $100. On the other hand, you can easily spend up to $1,000 or more for some of the elaborate, higher-end fixtures and finishes. When choosing a shower set, there are many factors to consider. Some consumers may prefer sets based on functionality, where characteristics such as adjustable spray settings and water pressure are important. Others may prefer sets that provide a variety of other features such as shower heads that have bendable and movable arms, height settings that are adjustable, or valves that are pressure-balanced. Finally, some consumers may simply be attracted to a particular style and finish such as brass, chrome, gold or brushed nickel.

How to Choose

While style and finish will surely influence your final buying decision, performance and functionality will play a larger role in choosing the perfect shower set. Factors you should consider when selecting a shower set include:

Adjustability

Shower heads typically have two or more adjustable settings. Many shower sets will include a variety of settings that range from a soft gentle misting effect to a hard pulsating style massage, as well as several settings in between. The ability and ease with which you are able to vary the settings should be another factor to consider. After all, no one wants to struggle with the settings of their shower head while in the midst of a shower. If you are looking for the ultimate in adjustability and flexibility, then a handheld shower set may be your best option.

Water Pressure

While U.S. regulations require a maximum of 2.5 gallons per minute when the water pressure is 80 pounds per square inch (psi), many homes operating on a municipal water supply typically have lower pressure. This means that the stream of water coming from your shower may be considerably weaker. By using an adjustable showerhead, you may be able to compensate for the loss of water pressure by selecting a stronger setting.

Easy-to-use

Ease of use and functionality are always important factors to consider. If possible, take the time to test the knobs, handles and shower heads while shopping. Do the knobs and/or handles turn easily? Would you be able to adjust the knobs easily with soap on your hands and in your eyes? Does the shower head turn to other settings easily?

Water Hardness

Hard water is a common occurrence in many households. Unfortunately, hard water contains a high-level of calcium carbonate which can leave a chalky buildup on your shower fixtures and surround and clog up the nozzle of your showerhead. If you have hard water, make sure you select a shower set that performs well with hard water. Sets that have plastic faces or rubbery nozzles will typically clean up better and not clog as easily as all-metal shower sets.

Water Temperature

If you like your shower hot, be sure to choose your shower set wisely. Some shower heads on the market aerate the spray in order to give it a more generous feel, but that can cool the water up to 15 degrees before it even gets to you. While you can compensate by adjusting the mix of hot and cold water at the shower's controls, you may want to look for a shower set that receives high marks for regulating hot-water temperature.

Finishes

There are a multitude of finishes available today. In addition to the standard chrome and brass finishes, consumers can now select fixtures in bronze, nickel, gold, copper and more. Trying to decide which finish is right for you can seem daunting, but answering a few simple questions may help you to narrow down your choices.

Is the finish durable?
Will it tarnish over time?
Does the finish have a warranty? If so, how long is the warranty period?
How much upkeep will this finish require? Do I need to purchase special cleaning products?
Will fingerprints, smudges and dirt show up easily?
Does the finish match the style I want in my bathroom?

As you explore your options, be sure to take notes and to compare the different materials and the costs associated with each. While polished nickel may not be what you are looking for, a brushed or satin nickel may fit the bill. There's nothing wrong with mixing and matching bathroom finishes, so don't be afraid to experiment. With the variety out there, you will surely find a look and style that meets your needs.

Adjustable Handheld Shower Sets

Adjustable hand-held shower heads have increased in popularity over the last few years, especially among the Baby Boomers. Swiveling mounts are standard with most hand-held adjustable models, and most handheld units are easy to use and install. A few manufacturers and their products are listed below.

Jado is passionate about performance and it shows in their products. If you are looking for an adjustable shower set that is the ultimate in versatility and individual style, this is a great brand.

Adjustable, Pressure-Balanced & Thermostatic Shower Sets

The Hansgrohe name has been synonymous with excellence in kitchen and bath products since 1901. For them, the shower is not just part of a busy day. It is quality time to be savored and enjoyed, and their products reflect this idea. If you are looking for performance and functionality at an affordable price, they have lots to offer.

Several manufacturers offer shower sets that provide pressure-balanced valve features that ensure comfortable water temperatures. This comes in handy if you are in the shower and someone inadvertently flushes the toilet. With the pressure-balanced feature, you luckily won't experience a change in shower water pressure. A shower set with thermostatic valves provides shower users with more refined temperature control. In other words, you'll be able to enjoy a relaxing shower without experiencing any wild temperature fluctuations. Gone will be the days of manually adjusting your hot and cold knobs during your shower.

Kohler has a full line of shower sets in dozens of colors, shapes and sizes to suit your style and lifestyle. You can choose from bathtub/shower combination modules, or separate recessed or corner modules that can accommodate faucets on either side. One model worth a closer look is the Finial Traditional Bath & Shower Faucet Set. The convenient single lever handle requires only a quarter turn to start and stop the flow and the push-button diverter switches easily between the shower and bath function. Kohler's Pinstripe Pure Rite-Temp® pressure-balanced shower utilizes Rite-Temp® pressure-balancing technology to maintain water temperature within +/-3 degrees Fahrenheit. A high-temperature limit stop even allows you to preset a comfortable maximum temperature to eliminate scalding.

Delta prides itself on delivering truly well-made, stylish faucets and bath accessories that are beautiful both inside and out. Delta's product lines feature a unique combination of trendy looks and excellent quality, and are available in a wide variety of finishes. For a truly enhanced shower experience, the Monitor 1800 Jetted Shower is hard to beat. The two adjustable spray jets were specifically designed to blanket you with 40% more water to provide a more relaxing shower experience.

Rain Shower Heads

Rain Showers, also referred to as downpours, provide consumers with a soft, gentle rain-like shower. These shower heads come in a variety of sizes and styles. Downpour shower heads are much larger than conventional shower heads, and have several spray nozzles. If you are looking for an adjustable one, then be sure to check the manufacturer specifications carefully. Typically, these models are not adjustable and tend to be pricier overall.

Price Range

Most manufacturers produce a variety of styles and models to fit all price ranges. Depending on the style and features selected, consumers can find a basic shower set starting as low as $20. Most top-rated products sell in the price range of $85-100. Higher-end customized options can actually climb into the $6,000 range, but are not representative of the types of shower sets the general public purchases. Prices are dictated to a large extent by the type of finish selected and required features. For example, moveable showerheads generally cost more than their non-moveable counterparts, and thermostatic models typically cost more than their pressure-balanced ones.

If you are on a tight budget, and prefer a basic, adjustable standard shower set with no-frills, you'll have a decent selection to choose from with prices starting as low as $20, with the average cost being around $45. This price typically includes the standard shower head and one or two handles in a chrome finish. An adjustable shower set with multiple settings that lets you go from a gentle flow to a strong massage can range anywhere from $65 up to $150, with the average price being around $85. If you prefer the higher-end styles, such as designer, decorative, or period pieces with finishes like no-tarnish brass or brushed nickel, plan on paying as much as $500.

Do not despair if you find a fixture that you really like, but is outside of your budget. If you find a particular shower set that you want, but is out of your price range, ask yourself what you specifically like about it. Once you've narrowed it down, you may be able to research a few options along similar lines that may not only fit your needs, but that also fit your budget.